evelyngarcia

Collapse at the Center The First World War: European Civilization in Crisis, 1914– 1918 B    -Legacies of the Great War The war shocked almost everyone Most expected a short war that would be over within a few months Industrial technology did not make it a quick war but rather a war of attrition, with each side trying to bleed the other dry battles could take the lives of over a million men Because of the labor shortage, large numbers of women were brought into the workforce back on the home front Conservative forces tried to undo the cultural changes of the war British authorities urged women to leave their new jobs, and in France, conservatives pushed Mother’s Day as a celebration of women who had little French boys for the army However, the war induced major changes in women’s lives with many nations giving them the vote and new work opportunities The postwar era was also the Jazz Age with liberated women dressing like “flappers” and drinking and dancing in...

The Rise and Fall of Communism RUSSIAN REVOULTION Seen to remove both Nicholas II and the Romanov Dynasty from their held power World War I was the catalyst for this revolution and was, in theory, led by ordinary soldiers These people looked to an end to the terrible war and despised their upper-class officials so they deserted in mass many trade unions were formed and soviets emerged to speak out for ordinary people Peasants as well, seized landlords' estates and took over the land for themselves Lenin came to power and ended the war for Russia This revolution also officially claimed Russia as communist CHINESE REVOLUTON Resulted in the triumphing of communism in China in 1949 It lasted several decades and was pretty different from its Russian counterpart It was primarily a result of the CCP being found in 1921 since Marx's ideas were not known in China at the time This group slowly developed over time contributing to the revolution Peasants were not seen to...

The End of Empire and Global South to Global Stage END OF EMPIRE IN WORLD HISTORY  The 20th centuries witnessed the demise of many empires: Austrian and Ottoman empires collapsed after WWI. = new states WWII ended the German and Japanese empires African and Asian movements for independece shared national self determination Powerful influence of United States in Latin America Desinegration of Soviet Union in 1991 = birth to new national states   AFRICAN AND ASIAN INDEPENDENCE  United states and Soviet Union, the new global superpowers, generally opposed to older European colonial empires The colonies had been integrated into a global economic network and local elites were largely committed to maintaining those links Europe wanted profitable economic interests in Asia and Africa without the expense of trouble of a colonial government Leaders made political parties in all Asia and Africa: Gandhi in India, Sukarno in Indonesia, Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam,...

Empires in collision Middle East and East Asia WESTERN PRESSURES 1830s British and Americans found enormous, growing profitable market for this addictive drug: OPIUM Chinese authorities recognized problem illegal trade=corruption  China found itself with many millions of addicts British offended by the seizure of their property in opium – sent a naval expedition to China  First Opium War OPIUM WARS    First Opium War – Treaty of Nanjing on British terms, imposed numerous restrictions on Chinese sovereignty and opened 5 ports to European traders For China this was = “unequal treaties”  Britains victory in a Second Opium War accompanied by a brutal vandalizing of emperor´s exquisite Summer Palace  British wanted more ports , now foreigners allowed to travel freely and buy land in China and preach Christianity China lost control of Vietnam, Korea and Taiwan. China was being “carved up" OTTOMAN EMPIRE Islamic world repr...

COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN ASIA AND AFRICA  INDUSTRY AND EMPIRE —  New economic needs found solutions abroad created the need for extensive raw materials and agricultural products: —  Bananas from Central America —  Rubber from Brazil —  Meat from Argentina —  Cocoa and Palm oil from West Africa —  Gold and Diamonds from South Africa By 1840, Britain was exporting 60% of its cotton-cloth production, sending millions of yards to Europe Between 1910 and 1914 Britain was sending about half of its savings overseas as foreign investment RACE AND CULTURE —  Europeans had defined others largely in religious terms, now they adopted the idea and techniques of more “advanced” societies precedented by wealth, and used both to produce unsurpassed military power. —  Its not surprising that their opinions of other cultures dropped sharply The sense of responsability to the “weaker” races  Europeans had the “duty to civilize the inferior races” “Discipline and produc...

REVOLUTIONS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION  The global context for this transformation lies in the very substantial increase in human numbers From 375 million in 1400 to 1 billion in 19th century Industrial Revolution marks a human response to that dilemma as nonrenewable fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas replaced the endlessly renewable energy sources of wind, water and wood Raw materials to feed to fuel industrial machinery- coal iron, petroleum altered landscape in many places Industrial Revolution marked a new era in both human history and the history of the planet INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Technological innovations:  The Spinning Jenny Power Loom Steam Engine Cotton Gin = culture of innovation Industrial Revolution spread beyond textile industry to iron and steel production, railroads, steamships, food processing and construction Second Industrial Revolution focused on chemicals, electricity,...

Atlantic Revolutions(continued) American Independence   With considerable aid from the French, who were please to harm the British rivals. The revolution accelerated the democratic tendencies of the colonial societies, political authority remained largely in the hands of existing elites who led the revolution No women or people of color shaped these gains Slavery was gradually abolished in the northern states while in the southern states remained United States became the most democratic country, gradually working in a reformist fashion of earlier practices and principles of equality announced in the Declaration of Independence Bill of Rights, checks and balances, separation of church and state and federalism French Revolution In desperate effort to raise taxes, Louis XVI called into session, the Estates General (consisted in 3 estates): The Clergy, the Nobility and the Commoners The 3rd estate (commoners) organized themselves as the National ...

Atlantic Revolutions Eurocentrism  Meaning= focusing on European culture or history to the exclusion of a wider view of the world; implicitly regarding European culture as preeminent The rise of Europe was due to an international context, for example, they were able to    it was the withdrawal of the Chinese naval fleet that allowed Europeans to enter the Indian Ocean in the 16 and 17th centuries. Navite Americans lacked the immunity of European diseases  Industrial Revolution also benefited from the New World resources and markets  The rise of Europe to a position of global dominance was not an easy automatic process Atlantic Revolutions: Global Context By 1730s the Safavid dynasty that ruled Persia (Iran) for several centuries had completely collapsed, Mughal Empire governing India fragmented  Wahhabi movement in Arabia seriously threatened the Ottoman Empire, religious ideals informed major political upheavals in Central Asia Russ...

Cultural Transformations Globalization of Christianity Christianity was basically limited to only Europe in the beginning of the Modern Era but then in the 1500s it spread out from Spain to England and West Russia Later on it divided and created other branches of religion such as: Roman Catholic of Western and Central Europe, and Eastern Orthodox of Eastern Europe Protestant Reformation  Began in 1517 when priest Martin Luther brought attention to the various abuses within the Roman Catholic church such as: corruption, "immortality to some clergy, etc. Martin Luther taught about the "new understanding to salvation, only through faith alone", so basically faith was considered a free gift. He believed that religious authority was not something to be taught in the Church, but the Bible said otherwise which lead to people challenging the authority of the church.  Martin Luther brought and created socials tensions and religious differences Protestants vs. Cath...

Evelyn Garcia-Martinez Patricia Andrews  World History II February 05, 2018 Women's Rights: The Evolution of Women Rights I am writing about how women rights have evolved through history and what changes have come because of this evolution. I will specifically be looking at what kind of moveme nts pushed the evolution f women rights and how society has reacted.  1.) Boulding, Elise.  The Underside of History : A View of Women through Time . Westview Press, 1976 The Underside of History : A View of Women through Time is about how   and where women learned dominance, dimorphism, and sex roles. It also shows and explains how the  changing roles of women from Paleolithic  times to the present have pushed the women rights movements to new levels. Elise Boulding was a sociologist, a pacifist feminist, and scholar. This book gives me further knowledge of the repressed and "invisible"lives of women and the conditions women h...

January 23 Chapter 14(second half) -Asians and Asians Commerce  European political control was limited to the philipphines, parts of Java and few other Spice islands Japan was one of the few islands that Europeans could not penetrate Japan had feudal lords, known as daimyo, and its own warriors samurais By the early 17th century, remarkable military figures unified Japan because of the Tokugawa clan  closed their country off from the emerging world of European commerce although maintained their trading ties with China and Korea. -Silver and Global Commerce  Silver trade gave birth to global network of exchange Spanish America produced around 85% of the worlds silver during the early modern era Chinas huge economy demanded great amounts of silver Much of silver shipped across the Atlantic to Spain was spent in Europe The largest mine in the world was in Bolivia, with horrible conditions for the miners Latin America's silver enriched the Cr...

January 18 Chapter 14 -Commerce and Consequences  The Slave Trade was a component of the international networks of exchange that that helped build human interactions throughout the centuries European worked their way into the ancient spice trade of the Indian Ocean which developed new relationships with Asian societies as a result Silver obtained from mines in Spanish America enriched the economy of Europe -Europeans and Asian Commerce  The voyage (1497-1499) of the Portuguese mariner Vasco da Gama in which Europeans sailed to India for the first time was the outcome of deliberate effort to explore a sea route to the East by slowly down the West African coast around the tip of South Africa to finally across the Indian Ocean in 1498 (in other words it was planned in a sense) Had the desire to look for tropical spices such as cinnamon, nutmeg, mace, cloves, pepper Chinese Silk and Indian Cotton -A Portuguese Empire of Commerce  ...

January 16 Chapter 13: -European Empires in America  Spanish directed their focus on the Caribbean when trying to build their empire, then in the 16th century they moved towards the Aztecs and the Incas empires because of how fragile and vulnerable they were Portuguese established themselves along the coast of Brazil -The European Advantages  Portugal, Spain, Britain and France were closer to the Americas than Asian competitors Fixed winds of the Atalntic blew in the same direction European mapmaking, navigation, sailing techniques helped them when traveling  Economics were in a good place  Began growing sugar, tobacco, meat and fish Missionaries wanted to enlarge the belief of Christendom Many just wanted a fresh start and new life   -The Great Dying  Aztec and Inca empires had no immunities to Europes diseases such as the smallpox, measles, typhus, malaria and yellow fever which lead to Native American people died in a in...

I DID IT!

Hallmark 1 We proclaim by our lives even more than by our words that God is Good The significance of the artifact that I am presenting is to represent the mass which was held to honor the birthday of La Virgen de Guadalupe. I included this into my portfolio because I have not attended a catholic mass since I was six and this was a was bittersweet experience to re-encounter after so long. The first time being back in a catholic church felt weird yet nice because it brought back memories that I thought I had forgotten. The mass did have a positive impression on me by opening me mind to a old yet new belief that I have not officially practiced or participated in. I know about catholicism and what it consists of in its belief system but I was raised in the christian community which has a few differences but has the same bases as catholicism. This mass clearly connect to Hallmark 1 because it helped people become closer to God and because it was a part of their developing relation...

In the process of  growing up, we are told “to be happy” and we grow up with this idea that happiness is as easy to get as it is to say that phrase, but truth be told it isn’t. We are told and taught that as long as you have enough money to live a certain lifestyle then you are guaranteed to be happy so we go on to live as rat racers for the rest of our lives. In the movie, The Pursuit of Happyness, Mr. Gardner goes through many hardships that most people on society go through today. His ultimate motivation was his son, Christopher. As long as Christopher was happy then that meant to Mr.Gardner that he had happiness. Mr. Gardner was fully aware that happiness was not something just given but something that he had to make for himself, which was why he would always push himself to see the “silver lighting” of the situations he found himself in. In the movie there is a scene where Mr.Gardner sees all of the stockbrokers come out to their good cars with a smile on their faces but h...

Growing up I was taught to always treat and view others as equals. Of course as a kid, if I spotted someone different, I would be curious and ask questions like any other kid does. My mom would always tell me that “Dios los hizo diferente porque ellos tienen el amor más puro del mundo” and to this day I still strongly believe this is true. I have a cousin that was diagnosed with autism and he is the happiest, most genuine person I have ever met. He has taught me so many things and reminds me every time that being happy should be an everyday thing no matter how tough things can get. I have participated in the Special Olympics, Special Olympic Ball, and Best Buddies. I didn’t really have an bad preconceptions about the group we were involved with. I have learned that after the ice is broken, it doesn’t matter how wacky it might be they participate more the “regular” people do. Just seeing the smile on Scott’s face when we were playing soccer, or Carolyn’s when she was singing, or Jodi’s...

1 good thing for each day of September: September 1st: Went to Ocean Beach at night September 2nd: Went to Twin Peaks and saw the view of San Francisco September 3rd: Crossed the Golden Gate Bridge September 4th: No school September 5th: Did an all nighter with new friends September 6th: Understood my bio class September 7th: Met the amazing Kayla September 8th: Stargazing in Belmont September 9th: Ate breakfast in San Mateo called Pancake house September 10th: Was able to wake up for my 8am class September 11th: Had pizza for dinner with Annette September 12th: Got Martin’s sandwiches September 13th: Went to Coldstones in Daly City September 14th: My little sister’s birthday September 15th: Movie night with friends September 16th: Went to downtown San Francisco September 17th: Watched Beauty and the Beast September 18th: Was able to wake up early September 19th: Called my be...