Chapter 18

COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN ASIA AND AFRICA 

INDUSTRY AND EMPIRE — 

• New economic needs found solutions abroad

• created the need for extensive raw materials and agricultural products: —  Bananas from Central America —  Rubber from Brazil —  Meat from Argentina —  Cocoa and Palm oil from West Africa —  Gold and Diamonds from South Africa By 1840, Britain was exporting 60% of its cotton-cloth production, sending millions of yards to Europe

• Between 1910 and 1914 Britain was sending about half of its savings overseas as foreign investment

RACE AND CULTURE — 

• Europeans had defined others largely in religious terms, now they adopted the idea and techniques of more “advanced” societies

• precedented by wealth, and used both to produce unsurpassed military power. —  Its not surprising that their opinions of other cultures dropped sharply




• The sense of responsability to the “weaker” races 
• Europeans had the “duty to civilize the inferior races”
• “Discipline and production for the market to the lazy natives”. —  Charles Darwin
• “the survival of the fittest” led to the “social Darwinism” – destruction of backward races or “unfit” races.